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Doc ID 1500864.1
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oratop -h
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./oratop -i 5 -b -d / as sysdba

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Oratop源自MOS的一篇文章和工具链接（oratop - utility for near real-time monitoring of databases, RAC and Single Instance [ID 1500864.1]）。
从名称上看，Oratop最大特点是支持实时轻量级监控。在Oracle 12c的EM Express之前，OEM还是一个重体积的组件。
相比之下，oratop完全适合那些想使用数据库实时监控功能，但是又不愿意启动OEM的用户需要。

主要功能

监控当前的数据库活动；
监控数据库性能；
识别当前阻塞会话和瓶颈

增强功能
SQL监控
数据库服务
多租户
ADG

共四部分
1、全局数据库信息
2、数据库实例活动
3、前五等待事件
4、进程和SQL信息

远程连接

Using Easy Connect (EZConnect)
 Non-default port
oratop system/manager@dbhost:4800/db1.domain.com
Default port (1521):
oratop system/manager@dbhost/db1.domain.com


动态帮助命令

Interactive Keys: [default]
        d : toggle between [Cumulative (C)] & Real-Time (RT) (section 3)
        k : toggle between [EVENT/LATCH] & object FILE#:BLOCK# (proc section 4)
        m : Toggle between [USERNAME/PROGRAM] & MODULE/ACTION (proc section 4)
        s : switch to SQL mode (section 4)
        f : toggle between [standard] & detailed format (long)
        p : switch to [process] mode (section 4)
        t : tablespace information
        a : ASM diskgroup information
        x : basic SQL plan table (requires sql_id input)
        i : refresh interval, requires value in seconds [5s]
        q : quit/ exit program (also, { Q | Esc | function keys })

Abbreviations:
        [N/B]: count(N)/ Byte(B) - (k)illo, (M)ega, (G)iga, (T)erra, [PEZY]
        [T]  : Time - (u)micro, (m)illi, (s)econd, (h)our, (d)ay, (y)ear
        [m/s]: stats interval size, (m) 1 minute, (s) 15s, else, Real Time
        [c]  : database service centric

Acronym Help Menu:
        Section 1 - DATABASE        .. [1]
        Section 2 - INSTANCE        .. [2]
        Section 3 - DB WAIT EVENTS  .. [3]
        Section 4 - PROCESS         .. [4]
        Quit Help                   .. (q|Q)
        
       
        
每部分参数的意思

Section 1 - database
        Global Database information

   Version        : Oracle major version
   db name        : db_unique_name
   time        [s]: time as of the most recent stats (hh34:mi:ss)
   up          [T]: database uptime
   ins         [N]: total number of instance(s)
   sn        [c,N]: total user sessions (active/inactive)
   us        [c,N]: number of distinct users
   mt        [s,N]: global database memory total (sga+pga)
   % db      [s,N]: database time as %(dbtime/cpu) (red if > 99%)

Section 2 - instance
        Top 5 Instance(s) Activity
        o Ordered by Database time desc

   ID        [c,N]: inst_id (instance id)
   %CPU      [m,N]: host cpu busy %(busy/busy+idle). (red if > 90%)
   LOAD      [m,N]: current os load. (red if > 2*#cpu & high cpu)
   %DCU      [m,N]: db cpu otusef as %host cpu. (red if > 99% & high AAS)
   AAS       [s,N]: Average Active Sessions. (red if > #cpu)
   ASC       [c,N]: active Sessions on CPU
   ASI       [c,N]: active Sessions waiting on user I/O
   ASW       [c,N]: active Sessions Waiting, non-ASI (red if > ASC+ASI)
   AST       [c,N]: Active user Sessions Total (ASC+ASI+ASW)
   IOPS      [m,N]: i/o requests per second
   %FR       [s,N]: shared pool free %
   PGA       [s,N]: total pga allocated
   UTPS      [s,N]: user transactions per sec
   UCPS    [c,m,N]: user calls per sec
   SSRT    [c,m,T]: sql service response time (T/call)
   %DBT      [s,N]: instance %Database Time (e.g. non-rac shows 100%)
Section 3 - db wait events
        Top 5 Timed Events
        o Cluster-wide, non-idle
        o Ordered by wait time desc

  EVENT      : wait event name. (red if active)
        (C)  : Cumulative since instance startup
  WAITS      : total waits
  TIME(s)    : total wait time in seconds)
  AVG_MS     : average wait time in milliseconds
  PCT        : percent of wait time (all events)
  WAIT_CLASS : name of the wait class
 
Section 4 - process
        o Non-Idle processes
        o Ordered by event wait time desc

   ID          [N]: inst_id. (red if blocking)
   SID         [N]: session identifier. (red if blocking)
   SPID        [N]: server process os id
   USR            : user name
   PROG           : process program name
   S              : SERVER (dedicated, shared, etc.)
   PGA         [N]: pga_used_mem. (red if continuously growing)
   SQL_ID/BLOCKER : sql_id or the final blocker's (inst:sid, in red)
   OPN            : operation name, e.g. select
   E/T         [T]: session elapsed time (active/inactive)
   STA            : ACTive|INActive|KILled|CAChed|SNIped
   STE            : process state, e.g. on CPU or user I/O or WAIting
   EVENT/*LA      : session wait event name. Auto toggle with (*latch name)
                    (red if process is hung/spin)
   W/T         [T]: event wait time. (red if > 1s)   

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