Linux常用性能调优工具索引
摘要: Linux服务器上经常遇到一些系统和应用上的问题,如何分析排查,需要利器,下面总结列表了一些常用工具、trace tool;最后也列举了最近hadoop社区在开发发展的分布式系统的trace tool。 概览: 引用linux-performance-analysis-and-tools中图片,
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Linux服务器上经常遇到一些系统和应用上的问题,如何分析排查,需要利器,下面总结列表了一些常用工具、trace tool;最后也列举了最近hadoop社区在开发发展的分布式系统的trace tool。
概览:
http://www.brendangregg.com/index.html
http://www.slideshare.net/brendangregg/linux-performance-analysis-and-tools
https://github.com/brendangregg/perf-tools/
http://www.brendangregg.com/linuxperf.html
引用linux-performance-analysis-and-tools中图片,说明这些tool试用层次位置
其中提到了的工具,大部分在我日常工具箱里或者在实践的案例里面使用过, 都有很高的价值,这里方便大家索引下:
OS系统命令系统信息(RHEL/Fedora)
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uname -a 或 cat /proc/version #print system information
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Linux hadoopst2.cm6 2.6.18-164.el5 #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:48 EDT 2009 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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15:42:46 up 674 days, 6 min, 35 users, load average: 1.30, 5.97, 11.53
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Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)
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LSB Version: :core-3.1-amd64:core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-amd64:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
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lspci - list all PCI devices
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last, lastb - show listing of last logged in users
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lsmod — show the status of modules in the Linux Kernel
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modprobe - add and remove modules from the Linux Kernel
常用命令/工具
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To print a process tree: ps -ejH / ps axjf
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To get info about threads: ps -eLf / ps axms
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lsof - list open files, UNIX一切皆文件
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/var/log/yum.log #yum 更新包日志
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/var/log/cron #crontab日志,可以查看调度执行情况
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ntpd - Network Time Protocol (NTP) daemon,同步集群中机器时间
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squid - proxy caching server,集群WebUI的代理
系统监控
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mpstat - Report processors related statistics. 注意%sys %iowait值
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vmstat - Report virtual memory statistics
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iostat - Report Central Processing Unit (CPU) statistics and input/output statistics for devices and partitions.
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netstat - Print network connections, routing tables, interface statistics, masquerade connections, and multicast memberships
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ganglia - a scalable distributed monitoring system for high-performance computing systems such as clusters and Grids.
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sar/tsar - Collect, report, or save system activity information; tsar是淘宝自己改进的版本
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定时采样(每分钟),可查历史记录(默认5分钟),可弥补ganglia显示更详细信息
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iftop - the "top" bandwidth consumers shown. iftop wiki
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vmtouch, Portable file system cache diagnostics and control
网络相关
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telnet/nc IP PORT - 确认目标端口是否可访问,只ping通不一定端口可访问,可能防火墙等禁止
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ifconfig/ifup/ifdown - configure a network interface
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traceroute - print the route packets trace to network host
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nslookup - query Internet name servers interactively
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tcpdump - dump traffic on a network, 类似开源工具 wireshark, netsniff-ng, 更多工具比较
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lynx - a general purpose distributed information browser for the World Wide Web
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tcpcp - allows cooperating applications to pass ownership of TCP connection endpoints from one Linux host to another one.
程序/进程相关
静态信息
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ldconfig - configure dynamic linker run time bindings
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ldconfig -p | grep SO 查看so是否在link cache中
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ldd - print shared library dependencies, 查看exe或so依赖的so
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nm - list symbols from object files,可grep查找是否存在相关的symbol,是否Undefined.
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readelf - Displays information about ELF files. 可现实elf相关信息,如32/64位,适用的OS,处理器
动态信息
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cat /proc/$PID/[cmdline|environ|limits|status|...] - 进程相关信息
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pstack - print a stack trace of a running process
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pmap - report memory map of a process
java相关
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Java Troubleshooting Tools
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jinfo - print java process information, 如classpath,java.libary.path(jni so目录)
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jstack - print a stack trace of a running java process,可查看死锁情况
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jmap - report memory map of a java process
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jmap -histo:live 可触发full gc
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jmap -dump:live,file=$FILE 可dump heap内存,用于jhat等工具debug分析object在heap的占用情况
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jhat - Heap Dump Browser - Starts a web server on a heap dump file (eg, produced by jmap -dump), allowing the heap to be browsed.
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-J-mxXXXm ,分析大文件时需要加大heap大小
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若有对象数据超大或内存占用过多,极有可能memory leak
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Memory Analyzer (MAT) - eclipse plugin,Java heap analyzer
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可视化工具,但受到机器内存的限制,无法分析太大的heap dump file
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jdb - 可起服务做server,eclipse等工具远程连接调试
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jstat - Java Virtual Machine Statistics Monitoring Tool
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jstatd - Virtual Machine jstat Daemon,可配合jvisualvm
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jvisualvm - Java Virtual Machine Monitoring, Troubleshooting, and Profiling Tool;可远程连接jstatd/jmx, 可视化展示工具:演示
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jvmtop - In a top-like manner, displays JVM internal metrics (e.g. memory information) of running java processes.
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JVM performance optimization JVM开发者写的优化文章
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Overview
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Compilers
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Garbage collection
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Concurrently compacting GC
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Scalability
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HPROF - Heap Profiler: java -agentlib:hprof
Trace/Debug/Profiling工具
通用工具
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strace - trace system calls and signals
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示例:可跟踪系统调用时间,如机器cpu:%sys高的问题
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
67.90 3966.320849 496 7992161 3050250 futex
25.80 1507.326693 127093 11860 epoll_wait
....................
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blktrace, generate traces of the i/o traffic on block devices
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ltrace - A library call tracer
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gprof - a performance analysis tool, sampling and call-graph profiling
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valgrind - an instrumentation framework for building dynamic analysis tools. automatically detect many memory management and threading bugs, and profile your programs in detail
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systemtap - a simple command line interface and scripting language for writing instrumentation for a live running kernel plus user-space applications for complex tasks that may require live analysis, programmable on-line response, and whole-system symbolic access.
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Linux版DTrace(SUN在Solaris上开发的)
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功能强大,kernel, user-space app,cross language(java perl python ruby),build-in markers(pg MySQL)
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can write and reuse simple scripts to deeply examine the activities of a live system
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Data can be extracted, filtered, and summarized quickly and safely, to enable diagnoses of complex performance or functional problems
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丰富的 "tapset" script library
java trace工具
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btrace - dynamic tracing tool for the Java platform. UserGuide
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基于动态字节码修改技术(Hotswap)来实现运行时java程序的跟踪和替换, 实现原理
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byteman - simplifies tracing and testing of Java programs. Can modify a running application without needing to stop and restart it.
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define rules specifying the side effects you want to inject 而 BTrace类java语法
Distributed Tracing Tools
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Dapper, a Large-Scale Distributed Systems Tracing Infrastructure
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x-trace, a network diagnostic tool designed to provide users and network operators with better visibility into increasingly complex Internet applications.
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HTrace, a tracing framework intended for use with distributed systems written in java
Linux observability tools | Linux 性能观测工具
Linux benchmarking tools | Linux 性能测评工具
Linux tuning tools | Linux 性能调优工具
Linux observability sar
Brendan Gregg 目前是 Netflix 的高级性能架构师 ,他在那里做大规模计算机性能设计、分析和调优。他是《Systems Performance》等技术书的作者,因在系统管理员方面的成绩,获得过 2013年 USENIX LISA 大奖。他之前是 SUN 公司是性能领头人和内核工程师,他在 SUN 开发过 ZFS L2ARC,研究存储和网络性能。他也发明和开发过一大波性能分析工具,很多已集成到操作系统中了 。他的最近工作包括研究性能分析的方法论和可视化,其目标包括Linux内核。
上面这是 Gregg 的简介,正如其中说的,他个人站点上分享了很多 Linux 性能相关的资源,都是自己开发的:
本文标题:Linux常用性能调优工具索引
文章起源:
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