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linux 静默安装 oracle 11
让客户满意是我们工作的目标,不断超越客户的期望值来自于我们对这个行业的热爱。我们立志把好的技术通过有效、简单的方式提供给客户,将通过不懈努力成为客户在信息化领域值得信任、有价值的长期合作伙伴,公司提供的服务项目有:空间域名、虚拟主机、营销软件、网站建设、龙城网站维护、网站推广。[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/issueCentOS release 6.5 (Final) Kernel \r on an \m
top - 16:05:23 up 8:34, 2 users, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 Tasks: 152 total, 1 running, 151 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 0.0%us, 0.0%sy, 0.0%ni,100.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 1906556k total, 1094320k used, 812236k free, 58280k buffers Swap: 2097144k total, 0k used, 2097144k free, 839620k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 1654 oracle -2 0 1185m 14m 13m S 0.7 0.8 1:52.05 oracle 1799 oracle 20 0 1190m 49m 44m S 0.3 2.7 0:05.11 oracle 16699 root 20 0 15036 1268 948 R 0.3 0.1 0:00.02 top 1 root 20 0 19364 1540 1228 S 0.0 0.1 0:02.77 init 2 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 kthreadd 3 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.30 migration/0 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 ksoftirqd/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 6 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 watchdog/0 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.01 migration/1 8 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/1 9 root 20 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.11 ksoftirqd/1 10 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.05 watchdog/1 11 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.25 migration/2
df -h
检查 swap分区、内存、磁盘大小
官方下载
官方文档
jdk 下载
rpm -ivh jdk-8u91-linux-x64.rpm
vi /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_91
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile java -version
selinux 配置文件
[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/selinux # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system. # SELINUX= can take one of these three values: # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced. # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing. # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=disabled# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values: # targeted - Targeted processes are protected, # mls - Multi Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted
setenforce 0
vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
service iptables stopsystemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld
hostname centos
[root@centos ~]# vi /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost localhost ::1 localhost centos
ORA-00130: invalid listener address
添加与主机名与IP对应记录,不然在安装数据库时会报错
yum install gcc yum install gcc-c++ yum install libaio-devel yum install compat-gcc-34yum install compat-gcc-34-c++
groupadd oinstall groupadd dba groupadd oper useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle echo "oracle" | passwd --stdin oracleid oracle
[root@oracle ~]# id oracle uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper)
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle /product/11.2.0/db_1 mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory mkdir /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app chmod -R 775 /u01/app
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
改好后,使之生效
sysctl -p
注:kernel.shmmax = 1073741824(byte)为本机物理内存的一半
vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
vim /etc/profile
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
vim ~oracle/.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID=orcl
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH
oracle 安装文件名
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
修改权限
chown -R oracle:oinstall ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipchown -R oracle:oinstall ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
切换 oracle 用户、使修改的环境变量生效
su - oraclesource .bash_profile
解压安装包、复制应答文件到 oracle 用户的目录下
cd /tmp unziap ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zipunziap ./linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zipcp -R /tmp/database/response/ /home/oracle/ cd /home/oracle/response/
应答文件
db_install.rsp:安装应答
dbca.rsp:创建数据库应答
netca.rsp:建立监听、本地服务名等网络设置的应答
Oracle 11g 静默安装-db_install.rsp详解
修改应答文件
vim ./db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY ORACLE_HOSTNAME= localhost.localdomainUNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
部分参数含义
各参数含义如下: -silent 表示以静默方式安装,不会有任何提示 -force 允许安装到一个非空目录 -noconfig 表示不运行配置助手netca -responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径 oracle.install.responseFileVersion 响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改 oracle.install.option 安装选项,本例只安装oracle软件,该参数不要更改 DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES 是否需要在线安全更新,设置为false,该参数不要更改 ORACLE_HOSTNAME 安装主机名 UNIX_GROUP_NAME oracle用户用于安装软件的组名 INVENTORY_LOCATION oracle产品清单目录 SELECTED_LANGUAGES oracle运行语言环境,一般包括引文和简繁体中文 ORACLE_HOME Oracle安装目录 ORACLE_BASE oracle基础目录 oracle.install.db.InstallEdition 安装版本类型,一般是企业版 oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall 是否定制安装,默认Partitioning,OLAP,RAT都选上了 oracle.install.db.customComponents 定制安装组件列表:除了以上默认的,可加上Label Security和Database Vault oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP oracle用户用于授予OSDBA权限的组名 oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP oracle用户用于授予OSOPER权限的组名
cd /tmp/database ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/db_install.rsp -ignorePrereq . . . #Root scripts to run/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.shTo execute the configuration scripts: 1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as "root" 3. Run the scripts 4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continueSuccessfully Setup Software.
安装完毕后会提示上述的信息,按照要求使用 root 用户执行上面的两个脚本
使用 oracle 用户
netca /silent /responsefile /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp
检验
1、在 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
中生成 listener.ora
和 sqlnet.ora
ll /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/
2、通过netstat命令可以查看1521端口正在监听
netstat -tnul | grep 1521
dbca -silent -createDatabase -templateName General_Purpose.dbc -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responseFile NO_VALUE -characterSet ZHS16GBK -memoryPercentage 30 -emConfiguration LOCAL . . .85% complete96% complete100% completeLook at the log file "/opt/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ora11g/ora11g.log" for further details.
数据库成功安装之后默认是启动状态
检验
1、进行实例进程检查
ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep
2、查看监听状态
lsnrctl status
3、登录查看实例状态
sqlplus / as sysdba
将下面两个文件的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1修改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart vim /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbshut
vi /etc/oratab
找到testsid:/opt/oracle/102:N,改为testsid:/opt/oracle/102:Y
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加如下行
su oracle -lc "/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start" su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
service iptables stopvi /etc/sysconfig/iptables # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.7 on Fri Dec 16 07:29:41 2016*filter :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [10:892] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW -m tcp --dport 1521 -j ACCEPT-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibitedCOMMIT# Completed on Fri Dec 16 07:29:41 2016service iptables saveservice iptables restart
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