系统运维 一、部署第一台Nginx网站

关于Nginx的原理概述及详细配置请参考博文：Centos 7部署Nginx网站服务

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[root@centos01 ~]# yum -y install prce-devel zlib-devel 
[root@centos01 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx  
[root@centos01 ~]# umount /mnt/      
mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载
[root@centos01 ~]# scp /mnt/nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz root@192.168.100.20:/root 
          
The authenticity of host \'192.168.100.20 (192.168.100.20)\' can\'t be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:PUueT9fU9QbsyNB5NC5hbSXzaWxxQavBxXmfoknXl4I.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:6d:f7:95:0e:51:1a:d8:9e:7b:b6:3f:58:51:51:4b:3b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes   
Warning: Permanently added \'192.168.100.20\' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.20\'s password: 
nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz                                      100%  784KB  68.2MB/s   00:00
[root@centos01 ~]# scp /mnt/haproxy-1.4.24.tar.gz root@192.168.100.30:/root       
The authenticity of host \'192.168.100.30 (192.168.100.30)\' can\'t be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:PUueT9fU9QbsyNB5NC5hbSXzaWxxQavBxXmfoknXl4I.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:6d:f7:95:0e:51:1a:d8:9e:7b:b6:3f:58:51:51:4b:3b.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes   
Warning: Permanently added \'192.168.100.30\' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.30\'s password: 
haproxy-1.4.24.tar.gz                                                                               100%  817KB  31.1MB/s   00:00  00:00  
[root@centos01 ~]# tar zxvf /mnt/nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/   
[root@centos01 ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.6.0/    
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx 
        
[root@centos01 nginx-1.6.0]# make && make install  
[root@centos01 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/  
[root@centos01 ~]# echo 192.168.100.10:nginx > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html 
      
[root@centos01 ~]# nginx  
[root@centos01 ~]# netstat -anptu | grep nginx 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3685/ngin: master  

二、部署第二台Nginx网站

[root@centos02 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel  
[root@centos02 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  initial-setup-ks.cfg  nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz
[root@centos02 ~]# tar zxvf nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/   
[root@centos02 ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx   
[root@centos02 ~]# cd /usr/src/nginx-1.6.0/ 
[root@centos02 nginx-1.6.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx 
           
[root@centos02 nginx-1.6.0]# make && make install 
[root@centos02 ~]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/ 
[root@centos02 ~]# echo 192.168.100.20:nginx > /usr/local/nginx/html/index.html 
          
[root@centos02 ~]# nginx 
[root@centos02 ~]# netstat -anptu | grep nginx
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      6059/ngin: master  

三、部署内网客户端 1、客户端添加VM1网卡，配置和服务器同网段IP地址

2、访问第一台nginx服务器

3、客户端更换IP地址访问第二台nginx服务器

四、部署Haproxy服务器

Haproxy概述及工作原理详细配置参考博文：Haproxy搭建Web群集概述
Centos 7基于Haproxy搭建高可用Web群集

1、安装haproxy

[root@centos03 ~]# yum -y install pcre-devel bzip2-devel  
[root@centos03 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  haproxy-1.4.24.tar.gz  initial-setup-ks.cfg
[root@centos03 ~]# tar zxvf haproxy-1.4.24.tar.gz -C /usr/src/  
[root@centos03 ~]# cd /usr/src/haproxy-1.4.24/  
[root@centos03 haproxy-1.4.24]# make TARGET=linux26 
[root@centos03 haproxy-1.4.24]# make install  

2、生成haproxy配置文件

[root@centos03 ~]# mkdir /etc/haproxy  
[root@centos03 ~]# cp /usr/src/haproxy-1.4.24/examples/haproxy.cfg /etc/haproxy/ 
                
[root@centos03 ~]# cp /usr/src/haproxy-1.4.24/examples/haproxy.init /etc/init.d/haproxy 
         
[root@centos03 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/haproxy 
[root@centos03 ~]# chkconfig --add haproxy 
 [root@centos03 ~]# chkconfig --level 35 haproxy on 
[root@centos03 ~]# cp /usr/src/haproxy-1.4.24/haproxy /usr/sbin/ 
[root@centos03 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/share/haproxy 

3、配置haproxy群集

[root@centos03 ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg   
listen  nginx 192.168.100.30:80   
        balance roundrobin
        server  web01 192.168.100.10:80 check inter 2000 fall 3   
        server  web02 192.168.100.20:80 check inter 2000 fall 3  
[root@centos03 ~]# /etc/init.d/haproxy start  
Starting haproxy (via systemctl):                          [  确定  ]

1）客户端访问192.168.100.30

2）客户端更换IP地址重新访问

五、配置Firewalld防火墙（双网卡）

关于Firewalld防火墙的概述及详细配置请参考博文：Centos 7的Firewalld防火墙基础
Centos 7的firewalld防火墙地址伪装和端口转发原理
centos 7之firewalld防火墙配置IP伪装和端口转发案例详解

[root@centos04 ~]# cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34   
[root@centos04 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens34             
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
NAME=ens34
DEVICE=ens34
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.200.254  
NATEMASK=255.255.255.0
dns1=192.168.200.254   
[root@centos04 ~]# systemctl restart network   
[root@centos04 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf   
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@centos04 ~]# sysctl -p  
[root@centos01 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens32             
GATEWAY=192.168.100.40 
[root@centos01 ~]# systemctl restart network  
[root@centos04 ~]# systemctl start firewalld.service   
[root@centos04 ~]# systemctl enable firewalld.service  
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-interface=ens34 --zone=external     
The interface is under control of NetworkManager, setting zone to \'external\'.
success
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-interface=ens32 --zone=trusted        
The interface is under control of NetworkManager, setting zone to \'trusted\'.
success
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --get-active-zones   
external
  interfaces: ens34
trusted
  interfaces: ens32
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --remove-masquerade --zone=external        
success
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule=\'rule family=ipv4 source address=192.168.100.0/24 masquerade\' 
success
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule=\'rule family=ipv4 destination address=192.168.200.254/32 forward-port port=80 protocol=tcp to-addr=192.168.100.30\'

success
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=external --add-service=http
            
success
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=external --add-service=dns     
success
[root@centos04 ~]# firewall-cmd --zone=external --list-all
external (active)
  target: default
  icmp-block-inversion: no
  interfaces: ens34
  sources: 
  services: ssh http dns
  ports: 
  protocols: 
  masquerade: no
  forward-ports: 
  source-ports: 
  icmp-blocks: 
  rich rules: 
    rule family=ipv4 source address=192.168.100.0/24 masquerade
    rule family=ipv4 destination address=192.168.200.254/32 forward-port port=80 protocol=tcp to-addr=192.168.100.30

六、部署DNS

关于DNS详细配置及概述请参考博文：CentOS7简单搭建DNS服务

[root@centos04 ~]# yum -y install bind bind-chroot bind-utils 
[root@centos04 ~]# echo  > /etc/named.conf   
[root@centos04 ~]# vim /etc/named.conf   
options {
        listen-on       port    53      { any; };
        directory       /var/named;
};
zone    benet.com        IN      {
        type    master;
        file    benet.com.zone;
};

[root@centos04 ~]# named-checkconf -z /etc/named.conf
          
[root@centos04 ~]# vim /var/named/benet.com.zone
           
$TTL    86400
@       SOA     benet.com.       root.benet.com.(
        2020021801
        1H
        15M
        1W
        1D
)
@       NS      centos04.benet.com.
centos04 A      192.168.200.254
www      A      192.168.200.254
[root@centos04 ~]# named-checkzone benet.com /var/named/benet.com.zone      
zone benet.com/IN: loaded serial 2020021801
OK
[root@centos04 ~]# chmod +x /var/named/benet.com.zone     
[root@centos04 ~]# chown named:named /var/named/benet.com.zone
[root@centos04 ~]# systemctl start named  
[root@centos04 ~]# systemctl enable named  

七、部署外网客户端

1、客户端配置IP地址、添加DNS地址

2、客户端使用域名访问

3、客户端更换IP地址重新访问

———————— 本文至此结束，感谢阅读 ————————

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