Nagios是一款企业级开源软件，专注于监控服务器上服务是否正常，不生成图形，提供报警机制，邮件或者短信发送监控状态，它通过各种插件实现不同的功能。

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Nagios        监控平台主程序

Nagios-plugins   必选插件

NRPE        监控远程服务器的主机资源

NSClient++     用于监控Windows主机

NDOUtils     将数据写入数据库

实例应用：

1 监控快速部署

监控需要安装http php nagios nagios-plugins NRPE软件包

yum install -y gd gd-devel openssl openssl-devel httpd php gcc glibc glib-common make wget

net-snmp

setenforce 0

iptables -F

安装nagios 源码包下载安装

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nagios-3.x/nagios-3.5.0/nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz/download

groupadd nagios

useradd -g nagios nagios

tar -zxf nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nagios

./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

make all

make install

make install-init            #安装启动脚本

make install-commandmode         #安装与配置目录权限

make install-config            #安装配置文件模板

make install-webconf            #web监控界面配置

安装nagios-plugins和nrpe

wget   http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagiosplug/nagiosplug/1.4.16/nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

tar -zxf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-1.4.16

./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/

make && make install

wget wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.14/nrpe-2.14.tar.gz

tar -zxf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.14

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

chown -R nagions.nagions /usr/local/nagios

创建账户信息

htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagions/etc/htpasswd.users tomcat

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

service iptables save

启动服务

service httpd start

/etc/init.d/nagios start

chkconfig httpd on

chkconfig --add nagios

chkconfig nagios on

2 修改配置文件

nagios的配置文件较多，主要位于/usr/local/nagios/etc 下

nagios.conf             主配置文件

nrpe.cfg                    远程监控配置文件

cgi.conf                    CGI配置文件

commands.cfg            命令定义文件

contacts.cfg                定义联系人文件

timepreriods.cfg             时间周期定义文件

tempaltes.cfg                    对象定义参考模板

localhost.cfg                    监控本机配置模板

printer.cfg                        监控打印机模板

switch.cfg                          监控交换模板

windows.cfg                      监控Windows配置模板

很多配置文件无需修改可以直接使用

修改主配置文件nagios.cfg,主要是用cfg_file配置加载其他配置文件。

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/web1.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/web2.cfg

修改CGI配置文件cgi.cfg,添加tomcat账户进来

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg

default_user_name=tomcat

authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,tomcat

authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,tomcat

修改命令配置文件command.cfg,定义命令实现的方式，如邮件报警，使用工具，内容格式等。

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

define command{

    command_name   check_nrpe

    command_line   $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -t 30 -c $ARG1$

    }

define command{

    command_name   check_nrpe_args

    command_line   $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -t 30 -c $ARG1$ -a $ARG2$

    }

修改联系人配置文件contacts.cfg 报警的联系人及联系方式

define contact{

    contact_name           nagiosadmin

    use               generic-contact

    alias              Nagios Admin

    email              yourname@domain.com

    }

修改报警时间周期timeperiods.cfg

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg

define timeperiods{

    timeperiod_name 24x7  #监控所有时间段（7＊24小时）

    alias      24 Hours A Day, 7 Days A Week
    sunday      00:00-24:00
    monday      00:00-24:00
    tuesday     00:00-24:00
    wednesday    00:00-24:00
    thursday     00:00-24:00
    friday      00:00-24:00
    saturday     00:00-24:00
    }

修改本机的配置localhost.cfg

define host{

    use              linux-server

    host_name           duangr-1

    alias             duangr-1

    address            192.168.56.10

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       Host Alive

    check_command          check-host-alive

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       Users

    check_command          check_local_users!20!50

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       CPU

    check_command          check_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       Disk Root

    check_command          check_local_disk!20%!10%!/

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       Disk Home

    check_command          check_local_disk!20%!10%!/export/home

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       Zombie Procs

    check_command          check_local_procs!5!10!Z

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       Total Procs

    check_command          check_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT

    }

define service{

    use               local-service

    host_name            duangr-1

    service_description       Swap Usage

    check_command          check_local_swap!20!10

    }

修改模板文件templates.cfg

vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg

#联系人模板generic-contact

define contact{

    name               generic-contact

    service_notification_period   24x7

    host_notification_period     24x7

    service_notification_options   w,u,c,r,f,s

    host_notification_options    d,u,r,f,s

    service_notification_commands  notify-service-by-email

    host_notification_commands    notify-host-by-email

    register             0

    }

#定义generic-host主机模板

define host{

    name               generic-host

    notifications_enabled      1

    event_handler_enabled      1

    flap_detection_enabled      1

    failure_prediction_enabled    1

    process_perf_data        1

    retain_status_information    1

    retain_nonstatus_information   1

    notification_period       24x7

    register             0

    }

#定义Linux主机模板

define host{

    name               linux-server

    use               generic-host

    check_period           24x7

    check_interval          5

    retry_interval          1

    max_check_attempts        10

    check_command          check-host-alive

    notification_period       workhours

    notification_interval      120

    notification_options       d,u,r

    contact_groups          admins

    register             0

    }

创建远程监控web1.cfg

vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/web1.cfg

define host{
       use                     linux-server
       host_name               duangr-2
       alias                   duangr-2
       address                 192.168.56.11
       }

define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             Host Alive
       check_command                   check-host-alive
       }
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             Users
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_users!5 10
       }
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             CPU
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_load!15,10,5 30,25,20
       }
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             Disk Root
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_disk!20% 10% /
       }
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             Disk /export/home
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_disk!20% 10% /export/home
       }
define service{
      use                             local-service
      host_name                       duangr-2
      service_description             Procs Zombie
      check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs!5 10 Z
      }
define service{
      use                             local-service
      host_name                       duangr-2
      service_description             Procs Total
      check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-w400 -c600"      }
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             Swap Usage
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_swap!20% 10%
       }

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;;  下面是一些常用进程的监控,主要是云平台相关进程
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
;; 监控crond进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: crond
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Ccrond"       }
;; 监控zookeeper进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: QuorumPeerMain
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.quorum.QuorumPeerMain"       }
;;监控storm的从节点进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: supervisor
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -adaemon.supervisor"       }
;; 监控storm的主节点进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: nimbus
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -adaemon.nimbus"       }
;; 监控MetaQ进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: MetaQ
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -ametamorphosis-server-w"       }
;; 监控Redis进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: redis-server
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Credis-server"       }
;; 监控hadoop主节点NameNode进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: NameNode
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.namenode.NameNode"       }
;; 监控hadoop主节点SecondaryNameNode进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: SecondaryNameNode
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.namenode.SecondaryNameNode"       }
;; 监控hadoop主节点ResourceManager进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: ResourceManager
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.resourcemanager.ResourceManager"       }
;; 监控hadoop从节点DataNode进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: DataNode
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.datanode.DataNode"       }
;;监控hadoop从节点NodeManager进程
define service{
       use                             local-service
       host_name                       duangr-2
       service_description             PS: NodeManager
       check_command                   check_nrpe_args!check_procs_args!"-c1:1 -Cjava -aserver.nodemanager.NodeManager"       }

由于duangr-2是远程主机,因此使用check_nrpe_args命令来监控.

/etc/init.d/nagios restart

快速定位配置文件问题所在命令

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -V /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

3 被监控机安装软件  nagios-plugin  nrpe

yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

groupadd nagios

useradd -g nagios -s /sbin/nologin nagios

tar -zxf nagios-plugins-2.1.6.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-2.1.6

./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/nagios/ --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios

make && make install

tar -zxf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz -C /usr/src/

cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.14

./configure

make all

make install-plugin

make install-daemon

make install-daemon-config

修改客户端的NRPE配置文件

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20

command[check_sda2]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2

command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/shm

command[check_home]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 200 -c 300

command[check_ping81]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ping -H 10.155.0.1 -w 100.0,20% -c 500.0,60%#

command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20 -c 10 -p /dev/hda1

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d" >> /etc/rc.local

netstat -lnupt |grep 5666

iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 5666 -j ACCEPT

service iptables save

检查监控命令配置是否ok

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_users  -a 5 10

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_load  -a 15,10,5 30,25,20

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_disk  -a 20% 10% /

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_procs  -a 200 400 RSZDT

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost -c check_swap  -a 20% 10%

没有问题就可以用浏览器访问nagios了

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文章题目：Nagios监控实例部署-创新互联
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