场景：
远程拷贝的/var/lib/mysql/*的所有文件打包后拖到本地后无法启动。（导表因为数据库太大导表相当漫长，偷懒了....启动时一同报错....），

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版本：
sys:
Linux console 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
DB:
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB MariaDB Server

报错信息：
数据库日志：

#tailf /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB
key_buffer_size=134217728
read_buffer_size=131072
max_used_connections=0
max_threads=153
thread_count=0
It is possible that mysqld could use up to 
key_buffer_size + (read_buffer_size + sort_buffer_size)*max_threads = 466718 K  bytes of memory
Hope that's ok; if not, decrease some variables in the equation.

Thread pointer: 0x0
Attempting backtrace. You can use the following information to find out
where mysqld died. If you see no messages after this, something went
terribly wrong...
stack_bottom = 0x0 thread_stack 0x48000
190119 12:54:23 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid ended
190119 12:55:54 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
190119 12:55:54 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld (mysqld 5.5.60-MariaDB) starting as process 10885 ...
190119 12:55:54 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
190119 12:55:54 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
190119 12:55:54 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.7
190119 12:55:54 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
190119 12:55:54 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
190119 12:55:54 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
190119 12:55:54 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
190119 12:55:54  InnoDB: Starting crash recovery from checkpoint LSN=25825591529
InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewrite buffer...
190119 12:55:54  InnoDB: Starting final batch to recover 15 pages from redo log
190119 12:55:54 [ERROR] mysqld got signal 11 ;
This could be because you hit a bug. It is also possible that this binary
or one of the libraries it was linked against is corrupt, improperly built,
or misconfigured. This error can also be caused by malfunctioning hardware.

To report this bug, see http://kb.askmonty.org/en/reporting-bugs

We will try our best to scrape up some info that will hopefully help
diagnose the problem, but since we have already crashed, 
something is definitely wrong and this may fail.

Server version: 5.5.60-MariaDB
key_buffer_size=134217728
read_buffer_size=131072
max_used_connections=0
max_threads=153
thread_count=0
It is possible that mysqld could use up to 
key_buffer_size + (read_buffer_size + sort_buffer_size)*max_threads = 466718 K  bytes of memory
Hope that's ok; if not, decrease some variables in the equation.

Thread pointer: 0x0
Attempting backtrace. You can use the following information to find out
where mysqld died. If you see no messages after this, something went

服务状态：

#systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sat 2019-01-19 12:49:08 CST; 3s ago
  Process: 9550 ExecStartPost=/usr/libexec/mariadb-wait-ready $MAINPID (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
  Process: 9549 ExecStart=/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 9517 ExecStartPre=/usr/libexec/mariadb-prepare-db-dir %n (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 9549 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Jan 19 12:49:06 console systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB database server...
Jan 19 12:49:06 console mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9517]: Database MariaDB is probably initialized in /var/lib/mysql alre
Jan 19 12:49:06 console mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9517]: If this is not the case, make sure the /var/lib/mysql is empty 
Jan 19 12:49:06 console mysqld_safe[9549]: 190119 12:49:06 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'.
Jan 19 12:49:06 console mysqld_safe[9549]: 190119 12:49:06 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /va
Jan 19 12:49:08 console systemd[1]: mariadb.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Jan 19 12:49:08 console systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB database server.
Jan 19 12:49:08 console systemd[1]: Unit mariadb.service entered failed state.
Jan 19 12:49:08 console systemd[1]: mariadb.service failed.

解决方式：

（1）修改配置文件：
添加参数：
innodb_force_recovery = 6 （此项由1---6个级别一次往上修改参数在失败的情况下）
innodb_purge_threads = 0

（2）修改刚才解压的文件属主属组为mysql用户。

我的数据库配置文件：

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

lower_case_table_name=1
character_set_server=utf8
skip_name_resolve
bind-address = 0.0.0.0

innodb_force_recovery = 6  
innodb_purge_threads = 0

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

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