本文主要介绍elasticsearch集群数据备份及恢复，利用共享文件系统，通过快照方式备份。

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集群的部署参考：http://hnr520.blog.51cto.com/4484939/1876467

一、配置修改

1.配置文件必须添加如下参数

path.repo:  /mnt/backups/es_mybak

二、数据备份

1.创建备份仓库

curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup' -d '{   "type": "fs", "settings": {     "location": "/mnt/backups/es_mybak"     } }' [root@node1 local]# curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup' -d '{ > "type": "fs", > "settings": { >     "location": "/mnt/backups/es_mybak" > } > }' {"acknowledged":true}

给我们的仓库取一个名字，在本例它叫 EsBackup 。

我们指定仓库的类型应该是一个共享文件系统，这里采用nfs。

最后，我们提供一个已挂载的设备(/mnt/backups/es_mybak )作为目的地址。

注意：共享文件系统路径必须确保集群所有节点都可以访问到。

2.查询备份仓库

[root@node1 local]# curl -XGET 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot?pretty' {   "EsBackup" : {     "type" : "fs",     "settings" : {       "location" : "/mnt/backups/es_mybak"     }   } }

3.备份所有索引

curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_all' [root@node1 local]# curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_all' {"accepted":true}

4.查看备份快照

curl -XGET 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_all?pretty' [root@node1 elasticsearch6]# curl -XGET 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_*?pretty'  {   "snapshots" : [     {       "snapshot" : "snapshot_all",       "uuid" : "MRTYocxBT4qgwtpu_6jdpg",       "version_id" : 5000199,       "version" : "5.0.1",       "indices" : [         "els_student_hnr05",         "hnrtest",         "els_student_hnr03",         "els_student",         "els_student_hnr02",         "els_student_hnr04",         "els_python01",         "els_student_hnr01"       ],       "state" : "SUCCESS",       "start_time" : "2017-05-17T10:00:46.860Z",       "start_time_in_millis" : 1495015246860,       "end_time" : "2017-05-17T10:00:54.209Z",       "end_time_in_millis" : 1495015254209,       "duration_in_millis" : 7349,       "failures" : [ ],       "shards" : {         "total" : 40,         "failed" : 0,         "successful" : 40       }     }   ] }

5.备份部分索引

curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05' -d '{ "indices": "els_student_hnr05" }' [root@node1 elasticsearch6]# curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05' -d '{ "indices": "els_student_hnr05" }' {"accepted":true}

6.查看备份快照

curl -XGET 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05?pretty' 查看快照的详细信息，可以看到每个shard的信息 curl -XGET 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05/_status?pretty' [root@node1 elasticsearch6]# curl -XGET 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05?pretty'    {   "snapshots" : [     {       "snapshot" : "snapshot_els_student_hnr05",       "uuid" : "hsSkWa63Ss6MJjh0Eo4arA",       "version_id" : 5000199,       "version" : "5.0.1",       "indices" : [         "els_student_hnr05"       ],       "state" : "SUCCESS",       "start_time" : "2017-05-18T00:58:35.699Z",       "start_time_in_millis" : 1495069115699,       "end_time" : "2017-05-18T00:58:36.396Z",       "end_time_in_millis" : 1495069116396,       "duration_in_millis" : 697,       "failures" : [ ],       "shards" : {         "total" : 5,         "failed" : 0,         "successful" : 5       }     }   ] }

三、.部分索引数据恢复

1.查询索引

curl -XGET '192.168.115.11:9200/_cat/indices?v' health status index             uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green  open   els_student_hnr05 mkvmTguZS4m1wGKbB8TOEw   5   1         99            0    124.7kb         62.3kb green  open   hnrtest           Y-bjuEPLQTGGP88EafDlyg   5   1          0            0      1.5kb           795b green  open   els_student_hnr03 _UHB6P-fRfucH7lEyE-C7g   5   1         99            0    146.7kb         73.3kb green  open   els_student       JC69IBEjTji8jU6bxCDE3A   5   1        999            0    495.9kb        247.9kb green  open   els_student_hnr02 k-aLl7tzRUyRfwJs8O0-kA   5   1         99            0    109.8kb         54.9kb green  open   els_student_hnr04 zAkj7GvfQ-CqmuFMJUTSuA   5   1         99            0    162.8kb         81.4kb green  open   els_python01      wmdREADVQmCX773_JDL46Q   5   1          0            0      1.5kb           795b green  open   els_student_hnr01 BJlcIp7mS0ii9nDYj8UDyQ   5   1        100            0    109.2kb         54.6kb

2.删除索引els_student_hnr05

[root@node1 elasticsearch6]# curl -XDELETE 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/els_student_hnr05' {"acknowledged":true}

3.根据snapshot_els_student_hnr05快照恢复索引

curl -XPOST 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05/_restore' [root@node1 elasticsearch6]# curl -XPOST 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05/_restore' {"accepted":true}

4.再次查看索引

[root@node1 elasticsearch6]# curl -XGET '192.168.115.11:9200/_cat/indices?v' health status index             uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green  open   hnrtest           Y-bjuEPLQTGGP88EafDlyg   5   1          0            0      1.5kb           795b green  open   els_student_hnr05 S3AsHa4dRtuXXZ3uIDGvuQ   5   1         99            0    124.7kb         62.3kb

被删除的索引els_student_hnr05已经恢复回来

四、数据完全恢复

1.关闭所有节点，删除数据目录下的所有数据，重新启动集群

kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep -v grep | grep elasticsearch | awk '{print $2}')

2.重新启动集群

3.创建备份仓库

curl -XPUT 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup' -d '{ "type": "fs", "settings": {     "location": "/mnt/backups/es_mybak"     } }'

4.查看备份快照

curl -XGET 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_*?pretty' {   "snapshots" : [     {       "snapshot" : "snapshot_all",       "uuid" : "MRTYocxBT4qgwtpu_6jdpg",       "version_id" : 5000199,       "version" : "5.0.1",       "indices" : [         "els_student_hnr05",         "hnrtest",         "els_student_hnr03",         "els_student",         "els_student_hnr02",         "els_student_hnr04",         "els_python01",         "els_student_hnr01"       ],       "state" : "SUCCESS",       "start_time" : "2017-05-17T10:00:46.860Z",       "start_time_in_millis" : 1495015246860,       "end_time" : "2017-05-17T10:00:54.209Z",       "end_time_in_millis" : 1495015254209,       "duration_in_millis" : 7349,       "failures" : [ ],       "shards" : {         "total" : 40,         "failed" : 0,         "successful" : 40       }     },     {       "snapshot" : "snapshot_els_student_hnr05",       "uuid" : "hsSkWa63Ss6MJjh0Eo4arA",       "version_id" : 5000199,       "version" : "5.0.1",       "indices" : [         "els_student_hnr05"       ],       "state" : "SUCCESS",       "start_time" : "2017-05-18T00:58:35.699Z",       "start_time_in_millis" : 1495069115699,       "end_time" : "2017-05-18T00:58:36.396Z",       "end_time_in_millis" : 1495069116396,       "duration_in_millis" : 697,       "failures" : [ ],       "shards" : {         "total" : 5,         "failed" : 0,         "successful" : 5       }     }   ] }

5.恢复数据

curl -XPOST 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_all/_restore'

6.查询索引

[root@node1 elasticsearch6]# curl -XGET '192.168.115.11:9200/_cat/indices?v' health status index             uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size green  open   hnrtest           LNkwevA2Sr2Jgue1oLRIGA   5   1          0            0      1.5kb           795b green  open   els_student       6aE8M7KMRN2EdievhDBXcw   5   1        999            0    495.9kb        247.9kb green  open   els_student_hnr04 8hXeVjXYRhS5POdy3hnMuQ   5   1         99            0    162.8kb         81.4kb green  open   els_student_hnr01 afVLqgxpTqii6pNObLC2sA   5   1        100            0    109.2kb         54.6kb green  open   els_student_hnr05 jzHPY_TlSEm-ZEXWz0sz4Q   5   1         99            0    124.7kb         62.3kb green  open   els_student_hnr02 f3hqeM1pQkWttZifnCCQDQ   5   1         99            0    109.8kb         54.9kb green  open   els_python01      4_vFwhn0RCi3SZbz2bORCw   5   1          0            0      1.5kb           795b green  open   els_student_hnr03 esFyZMwwTaeLf7YrKxyYjQ   5   1         99            0    146.7kb         73.3kb 至此所有索引已经完全恢复

五、从全部索引快照中恢复单个索引

1.删除索引els_student_hnr05

curl -XDELETE 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/els_student_hnr05'

2.恢复被删除的索引els_student_hnr05

curl -XPOST 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_all/_restore' -d '{     "indices": "els_student_hnr05",      "rename_replacement": "restored_index_$1" }'

六、删除快照

curl -XDELETE 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_els_student_hnr05' curl -XDELETE 'http://192.168.115.11:9200/_snapshot/EsBackup/snapshot_all'

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